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AdvancedEngineering

Perform an Autonomous Data Migration with an AI Agent

Delegate a long data migration with explicit invariants, checkpoints, validation queries, and a reversible cutover.

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Perform an Autonomous Data Migration with an AI Agent

11:00 to 15:25: Claire gives GPT-5.5 Pro a complex data migration, lets it work for roughly six hours, and inspects the completed transformation and checks.

Before you start

What you need

  • Source and target schemas with representative records
  • Transformation rules and invariants
  • A backup, dry-run environment, and validation queries

What you’ll make

A migration script and run record that move the intended data without losing identity, relationships, or totals.

Tools used

  • Codex

    OpenAI's cloud-based AI software engineering agent that can execute code, run tests, and handle complex multi-file tasks autonomously.

    VisitCodex

The workflow

Follow the sequence once, then adapt the prompts, checks, and handoffs to your own setup.

4 steps

Step 01

Identify and Contextualize the Data Problem

Define the scope of the migration. This approach is best for complex tasks, such as migrating millions of database records stored in various legacy formats with numerous edge cases.

Example prompt
Describe the source problem, target model, affected volume, and why the current data is wrong.
Step 02

Delegate the Task with a Detailed Prompt

In an environment like Codex, provide a high level, goal oriented prompt. Instruct the agent to perform the migration and also to build a system to test its own work, identify failures, and repair them.

Example prompt
Write and run a dry-run migration with field mappings, invariants, batch checkpoints, validation queries, and rollback steps; do not cut over production.
Step 03

Allow the AI Agent to Work Autonomously

Allow the model to execute the task autonomously. The process can take several hours with little to no human intervention as the AI creates sub agents and self healing loops to complete the work.

Example prompt
Continue through the approved dry-run, saving progress and reporting any invariant failure immediately.
Step 04

Review the Results and Monitor

When the agent's work is complete, review the outcome. For a large migration, expect very few remaining edge cases. Monitor error rates in a tool like Sentry to confirm the impact.

Example prompt
Compare source and target counts, relationships, sampled records, and application behavior; monitor the approved cutover separately.

What good looks like

  • Dry-run counts and invariants match expected results
  • The migration is resumable or idempotent
  • The rollback and production cutover conditions are explicit

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Runbook notes

How to recover when the loop fails and where human judgment helps.

If it goes sideways

The agent misunderstands a field mapping
Provide before and after examples plus a rule for nulls and conflicts.
A long run stalls or repeats work
Add durable checkpoints and an idempotency key per batch.
Totals match but relationships break
Validate foreign keys, ownership, and sampled end-to-end records.

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